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  This system granting vertical mobility to social elites effectively broke the rigid hereditary hierarchy, allowing talented commoners to step into political power. It injected fresh blood into governance and prevented long-term monopoly of power by noble clans, laying a foundation for stable imperial administration. Its core idea of rule of virtue and rule of man emphasized officials’ personal morality and self-cultivation rather than strict legal codes. Rulers expected virtuous elites to govern people with kindness and self-discipline. However, this model has inherent defects. Governance quality heavily relies on individuals’ self-restraint, lacking institutional constraints. Once virtuous supervisors are replaced by corrupt elites, the whole system will easily fall into disorder. In short, it promoted talent selection yet failed to form stable long-term governance relying on law.

  2026-06-11 喜欢(0) 回复(0)