Robinson

Robinson Crusoe is a novel by British writer Daniel Defoe. The book was first published on April 25, 1719. The novel mainly tells the story of the main charter, Robinson Crusoe, who was born in a middle-class family and aspired to travel all over the world. Once, on the way to Africa, he encountered a storm and drifted to an uninhabited desert island, starting a life of isolation from the world. With his strong will and unremitting efforts, he survived tenaciously on the desert island. After living on the island for 28 years, 2 months and 19 days, he was finally able to return to his hometown. This novel was inspired by a real story of Defoe's time. In September 1704, a Scottish sailor named Alexander Selkirk had a quarrel with the captain, and was abandoned by the captain in the Atlantic Ocean. After living on a desert island for 4 years and 4 months, he was rescued by Captain woods Rogers. Based on the legend of Selkirk, Defoe poured his sea experience and experience over the years into the characters, and made full use of his rich imagination for literary processing, making "Robinson" not only a hero in the eyes of the middle and small bourgeoisie at that time, but also the first idealized emerging bourgeois in Western Literature. As mentioned in the novel, Robinson’s father preferred the middle class in the society, middle class is most suited to human happiness. The main charters are Robinson and Friday. Robinson Crusoe was born in a middle-class family in England. He could have lived a peaceful and affluent life by relying on his rich family assets as arranged by his father. However. Crusoe, who wants to go out, becomes a dangerous and exciting sailor, sailing in the rough and dangerous sea. Later, he was shipwrecked and exiled on a desert island. Under the condition of being extremely isolated from the world, the British exiled aristocrat Robinson fought with the mysterious nature by using the geographical location marks, astronomical and cultural observation, solar shift and tidal change registration methods trained in the mariner era. On the same day, he recorded his life on a desert island and waited for the opportunity to escape from the desperate situation at any time. Robinson saves the cannibal boy Friday on the self-made calendar Friday. Friday is brought to the desert island by the cannibals as a sacrifice, and he cannot return to his tribe. With the two people getting along day and night, Robinson gradually changes himself in the face of a person who is different from him in race, religion and culture. The two people develop a friendship of father and friend. This friendship, which is lacking in the civilized world, became the spiritual pillar of Robinson's life on a desert island for more than 20 years. Friday is a savage. Once on the beach, he was almost eaten by savages of another tribe. But Robinson finally saved him. It happened to be Friday, so Robinson named him "Friday". It was also because of their sincere friendship that he was able to survive and returned to his hometown. Friday is a simple, loyal friend and wise brave man. He is loyal, responsible and adaptable. He and Robinson have cooperated to display different skills and spent many years on the island. The arrival of Friday makes Robinson realize his dream of returning home, and he has become Robinson's assistant. On Friday, I asked for improvement, and soon integrated into the life of civilized people. I was an optimistic and lovely person. Why Defoe chose to write this novel? It reflected the current background in the society. He lived in an era when British capitalism began to develop on a large scale. In 1702, he published a short cut to eliminate different sects, satirizing the government's religious policy. He was arrested and sentenced to imprisonment for three times. After he was released from prison, he engaged in editing newspapers and periodicals, and wrote many political and economic pamphlets. He was arrested three times because of his speech. In 1719, Defoe published his first novel Robinson Crusoe. This novel is based on Alexander Selkirk's real experience on a desert island. According to the British magazine at that time, in April 1704, Selkirk mutinied at sea and was abandoned by the captain on a small island called masadel in the Juan Fernandez islands, more than 900 kilometers away from the coast of Chile. Four years and four months later, he was found by a navigator and rescued. At that time, Selkirk had forgotten the language of man and became a savage. Inspired by this incident, Defoe conceived the story of Robinson. However, in the process of writing the novel, Defoe created the image of Robinson with the adventurous spirit of the rising bourgeoisie and the colonial spirit of the 18th century from his own perception and feelings of the times. Then I introduce the main content as follows. Robinson was born in a respectable merchant family, he longed for sailing and wanted to go overseas to see things. He went to London without telling his parents, where he bought some fake beads and toys to do business in Africa. During the fourth voyage, the ship encountered a storm and hit a reef on the way. All the companions on the ship were killed. Only Robinson survived and drifted alone to a deserted island. He used the mast of the sunken ship to make a raft, and again and again carried the food, clothes, guns and ammunition on the ship to the shore, and set up a tent on the side of the hill to settle down. Then he put a fence around the tent with sharpened wooden stakes and dug a hole behind the tent to live. He used simple tools to make furniture such as tables and chairs. He hunted game for food and drank fresh water from the river. He overcame the initial difficulties. He began to grow barley and rice on the island, made wooden mortar, wooden pestle and sieve, processed flour and baked rough bread. He captured and domesticated wild goats to breed. He also made pottery and so on to ensure his life needs. At the other end of the desert island, a "country villa" and a farm were built. Despite this, Robinson has never given up looking for a way to leave the island. He cut down a big tree and spent five or six months building a canoe. But the boat was too heavy to be towed into the sea. He had to give up all his previous efforts and build a new small boat. Robinson lived alone on the island for 15 years. One day, he found a footprint on the coast of the island. Before long, he found human bones and traces of fire. It turned out that a group of savages on the outer islands had held a meat feast here. Robinson is astonished. Since then, he has remained vigilant and paid more attention to things around him. It was not until the 24th year that a group of savages came to the island, taking captive savages who were sacrificed to be killed and eaten. Robinson finds out and rescues one of them. Because that day was Friday, Robinson named the rescued prisoner "Friday". Since then, "Friday" has become Robinson's faithful servant and friend. Then, Robinson saves a Spaniard and Friday's father with Friday. Soon after, a British ship berthed near the island. The sailors on the ship rebelled and abandoned the captain and other three people on the island. Robinson and "Friday" helped the captain subdue the rebellious sailors and recaptured the ship. He left the sailors on the island and left the desert island with "Friday" and the captain to return to England. At this time, Robinson had been away from home for 35 years (28 years on the island). He got married in England and had three children. After his wife died, Robinson went to sea again to do business, passing by the deserted island where he lived. At this time, the sailors and Spaniards who remained on the island had settled down and multiplied. Robinson also sent some new immigrants, distributed the land on the island to them, and left them with various daily necessities. He left the island with satisfaction. The author uses many ways to depict the main charter. Psychological description is an excellent technique used in the portrayal of the protagonist Robinson. Through a series of psychological descriptions, it shows the changes of Robinson's thoughts, and also reveals his personality characteristics to a great extent. When Robinson was killed at sea, he thought, "there is no doubt that I will never see them again.". Such a sentence, however, accurately shows Robinson's sad and heavy heart after losing his companion, and also well sets off his complex psychology when he feels that his future is bleak. When writing about Robinson's exploration of the desert island, he wrote about his psychological changes from misery to happiness. For example, "although I live a lonely life at present, I may be happier than living in a free and happy world", which fully reflects Robinson's belonging to the island at this time. In the chapter of "the uninvited guest", the author uses psychological contrast to set off the pain of Robinson's psychological gap. These psychological descriptions, delicate and profound, have left a deep impression on the readers. The novels are often interspersed with comments of some characters, such as "the sky is not always blue, the water is not always clear, the grass is not always green, the flowers are not always bright, and life cannot be smooth!" "The flowers will wither and the grass will wither and yellow, but spring will give them vitality." Such comments highlight the character. Also, The Bible is mentioned many times in the novel, which is the support of his faith, and he also ruled Friday with the Bible. The work also pays attention to the characterization of characters, the description of environment and characters' psychology, and uses a lot of everyday language, which opens up a new stage of the development of English novels.