死亡(Death)_耶鲁大学公开课_雪莱·卡根_中英双语在线阅读

死亡
Death

讲师:
- 雪莱·卡根
译者:

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学校:

耶鲁大学
来源:

人人影视
语言:

中英
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导学

课程的前半部分将会集中在死亡本质问题的研究上。我们死亡时会发生什么？事实上，要解决这个问题，我们首先要考虑：我们是什么？人是一种什么样的实体？尤其是，我们有灵魂吗？在这节课上，雪莱·卡根所说的“灵魂”是哲学中的术语。他的意思是指某些非物质的东西，某些区别于我们身体的东西。我们有非物质的灵魂吗？会有东西能够从身体的死亡中幸存吗？如果没有，那么这对死亡的本质又意味着什么？死亡是一件怎样的事情？幸存对我们来说意味着什么？假如我们从死亡中幸存，这意味着什么？今晚的幸存对于人们来说又意味着什么？

The first half of the class is going to be concerned with questions about the nature of death. What happens when we die? Indeed, to get at that question, the first thing we're going to think about is what are we? What kind of an entity is a person? In particular, do we have souls, and for this class talking about a soul, what the professor is going to mean is sort of a bit of philosophical jargon. He is going to mean something immaterial, something distinct from our bodies. Do we have immaterial souls, something that might survive the death of our body? And if not, what does that imply about the nature of death? What kind of an event is death? What is it for us to survive? What would it mean for us to survive our death? What does it mean for people to survive tonight?

课程简介

这是雪莱·卡根教授关于本课程的介绍：有一件事我是可以肯定的：我最终一定会死。但是我该怎么样理解这个事实呢？本系列课程将会探讨当我们思考死亡时所想起的一些问题。本门课程也分析了死亡并不意味着终结的可能性。在某种程度上来说，我们是不朽的吗？不朽是可能的吗？这门课程也会探讨死亡是什么，死亡更清晰的概念是什么。如果我们说一个人死了，那这意味着什么？那是什么样的一种事实？最后，这门课程还会评价一下对于死亡不同的态度。死亡是恶魔吗？怎么是一个恶魔？为什么是一个恶魔？自杀在道德上是允许的吗？是理性的吗？对于我将会死这样一个事实的了解如何影响着我现在的生活？

There is one thing I can be sure of: I am going to die. But what am I to make of that fact? This course will examine a number of issues that arise once we begin to reflect on our mortality. The possibility that death may not actually be the end is considered. Are we, in some sense, immortal? Would immortality be desirable? Also a clearer notion of what it is to die is examined. What does it mean to say that a person has died? What kind of fact is that? And, finally, different attitudes to death are evaluated. Is death an evil? How? Why? Is suicide morally permissible? Is it rational? How should the knowledge that I am going to die affect the way I live my life?

讲师简介

雪莱·卡根是耶鲁大学哲学教授。1976年本科毕业于卫斯理工会大学，1982年在普林斯顿大学获得博士学位，之后他曾在匹兹堡大学和伊利诺斯州州立大学芝加哥分校执教，1995年来到耶鲁大学任教。他是教科书《规范伦理学》的作者，此书系统回顾了有关道德基本准则及其可能基础的其他立场，而他的另一本著作《道德的极限》挑战了两个被广泛接受认同的关于道德要求的信仰。最近他正致力于完成《沙漠几何学》的写作。

Shelly Kagan is a professor of Philosophy at Yale. After receiving his B.A. from Wesleyan University in 1976, and his Ph.D. from Princeton University in 1982, he taught at the University of Pittsburgh and the University of Illinois at Chicago before coming to Yale in 1995. He is the author of the textbook Normative Ethics, which systematically reviews alternative positions concerning the basic rules of morality and their possible foundations, and The Limits of Morality, which challenges two of the most widely shared beliefs about the requirements of morality. He is currently at work on The Geometry of Desert.

Lecture 1 Course Introduction
Lecture 2 The Nature of Persons: Dualism vs. Physicalism
Lecture 3 Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part I
Lecture 4 Introduction to Plato's Phaedo; Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part II
Lecture 5 Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part III: Free Will and Near-Death Experiences
Lecture 6 Arguments for the Existence of the Soul, Part IV; Plato, Part I
Lecture 7 Plato, Part II: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul
Lecture 8 Plato, Part III: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul (cont.)
Lecture 9 Plato, Part IV: Arguments for the Immortality of the Soul (cont.)
Lecture 10 Personal Identity, Part I: Identity Across Space and Time and the Soul Theory
Lecture 11 Personal Identity, Part II: The Body Theory and the Personality Theory
Lecture 12 Personal Identity, Part III: Objections to the Personality Theory
Lecture 13 Personal Identity, Part IV: What Matters?
Lecture 14 - What Matters (cont.); The Nature of Death, Part I
Lecture 15 The Nature of Death (cont.); Believing You Will Die
Lecture 16 Dying Alone; The Badness of Death, Part I
Lecture 17 The Badness of Death, Part II: The Deprivation Account
Lecture 18 The Badness of Death, Part III; Immortality, Part I
Lecture 19 Immortality Part II; The Value of Life, Part I
Lecture 20 The Value of Life, Part II; Other Bad Aspects of Death, Part I
Lecture 21 Other Bad Aspects of Death, Part II
Lecture 22 Fear of Death
Lecture 23 How to Live Given the Certainty of Death
Lecture 24 Suicide, Part I: The Rationality of Suicide
Lecture 25 Suicide, Part II: Deciding under Uncertainty
Lecture 26 Suicide, Part III: The Morality of Suicide and Course Conclusion