① The five major principles in the Zuo Zhuan (Commentary of Zuo) include loyalty and forgiveness, virtue, correspondence between names and actualities, causality, and adaptability. These principles embody Confucian moral values and governance principles.② Mencius evaluates great individuals as possessing outstanding virtues and noble qualities. They have the ability to influence others, promote social progress, and serve as moral exemplars.③ The Chinese concept of "良心" (liáng xīn) encompasses judgment of right and wrong, adherence to moral standards, and inner honesty and sincerity. It reflects personal moral beliefs and character cultivation, guiding behavior and decision-making.