Week 1-4 话题1

王文平

1.  What are the five major principles in Zuo’s Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annual ?

2024-03-25

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• 用户722381

  1. Moral Righteousness (Yi): The “Zuo’s Commentary” emphasizes the importance of moral righteousness in the conduct of states and individuals. It promotes the idea that leaders should rule with virtue and uphold moral principles in their decisions and actions.

  2. Propriety (Li): The concept of “li,” which encompasses social norms,仪式, and etiquette, is crucial in the “Zuo’s Commentary.” It asserts that proper仪式 and respect for one’s social role are essential for maintaining harmony in society.

  3. Good Governance (Zheng): The text advocates for effective and wise governance by rulers, emphasizing the need for leaders to be benevolent, just, and capable administrators who prioritize the welfare of the people over their personal interests.

  4. Rectification of Names (Zhengming): This principle, which is also associated with Confucius, suggests that the key to social order is the accurate use of names and titles. In the “Zuo’s Commentary,” it is often explored through the critique of rulers and statesmen who fail to live up to the ideals associated with their titles or roles.

  5. The Mandate of Heaven (Tianming): The “Zuo’s Commentary” discusses the idea that the ruler’s legitimacy comes from the “Mandate of Heaven” (Tianming). A ruler who loses the Mandate due to moral failings or misrule can be overthrown, as the text often explains the fall of states or dynasties in these terms.

  2024-06-21 刪除 喜欢(0)

• 梁金文
  The five main principles in Zuo Zhuan are: courtesy, righteousness, filial piety, loyalty and wisdom.

  2024-06-18 刪除 喜欢(0)

• 何莹
  The "Zuo Zhuan" (Zuo's Commentary), also known as "Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals," is a significant historical and literary work in ancient China, serving as a detailed commentary on the "Spring and Autumn Annals." The five major principles reflected in "Zuo's Commentary" can be summarized as follows: 1. Moral Principle (德行): "Zuo's Commentary" emphasizes the importance of moral conduct and virtue. It holds that rulers should govern by virtue, and individuals should act in accordance with moral principles. The commentary often evaluates historical events and figures based on their moral qualities. 2. Ritual Principle (礼制): The concept of "ritual" (礼) is pivotal in "Zuo's Commentary." It encompasses a wide range of social norms and ethical standards, including the rites, music, laws, and institutions of the state. The commentary stresses that adherence to rituals is crucial for maintaining social order and harmony. 3. Historical Principle (史观): "Zuo's Commentary" presents a historical perspective that evaluates events based on their historical context and the lessons they offer. It often uses past events to provide guidance for the present and future, reflecting a historical determinism that sees history as a series of cause-and-effect relationships. 4. Political Principle (政道): The commentary discusses the governance and politics of the state, emphasizing the importance of wise leadership, the proper conduct of ministers, and the balance of power within the state. It analyzes the rise and fall of states and the success or failure of policies from a political perspective. 5. Strategic Principle (谋略): "Zuo's Commentary" also delves into military strategies and diplomatic tactics. It provides insights into the art of war and the importance of strategic planning in both military and political contexts. The commentary often highlights the role of intelligence, alliances, and timing in achieving success.

  2024-06-17 刪除 喜欢(0)

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  张颢喆
  The five major principles in Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annals are: reverence, conscientiousness, integrity, benefit, and correctness. These principles serve as important guidelines for governing and administration in ancient China. Reverence emphasizes respect for authority and propriety in behavior; conscientiousness teaches carefulness in actions to avoid hasty decisions; integrity requires honesty and reliability in building trustworthy relationships; benefit focuses on pursuing the interests and welfare of the state and its people; correctness stresses the importance of moral standards and justice. These principles not only influenced ancient political practices but also had a profound impact on moral beliefs and governance ideologies in subsequent generations.

  2024-06-16 刪除 喜欢(0)

• 田雪
  The five major principles in Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annual are: 1. Respect for hierarchy and authority 2. Emphasis on morality and ethics 3. Importance of ritual and propriety 4. Concept of reciprocity and retribution 5. Emphasis on historical precedents and lessons

  2024-06-11 刪除 喜欢(0)

• 殇澈赣叁式
  The five major principles in Zuo's Commentary on The Spring and Autumn Annual are:Respect for Hierarchy : Emphasizing respect for proper hierarchical order in society, especially the authority of the emperor and nobles.Justice : Upholding the principles of justice and fairness, with a focus on familial ties and obligations.Faithfulness : Promoting faithfulness, honesty, and trustworthiness in both private and public affairs.Benevolence : Advocating benevolence, compassion, and mercy in interpersonal relationships and governance.Duty : Emphasizing the importance of fulfilling one's duties and obligations towards family, society, and the state.These principles guide the moral and ethical values upheld in Zuo's Commentary, reflecting the social and political ideals of the time.

  2024-06-11 刪除 喜欢(0)

• 温凯婷
  1.Moralistic Interpretation of History: The “Zuozhuan” often interprets historical events as outcomes of moral actions, emphasizing the importance of virtue in the conduct of statesmen and rulers.2.Rectification of Names: This concept, attributed to Confucius and discussed in the “Zuozhuan,” suggests that the key to social order is the proper use of names and titles, reflecting the correct relationships and roles within society.3.The Mandate of Heaven (Tianming): The “Zuozhuan” reflects the belief that the ruler’s legitimacy and effectiveness depend on his possession of the “Mandate of Heaven,” which can be lost due to misrule and inefficiency.4.Veneration of Ritual and Ceremony: The text emphasizes the importance of ritual and ceremony in maintaining social order and harmony, reflecting the Confucian value of li.5.The Role of the Sage-Ruler: The “Zuozhuan” portrays the ideal ruler as one who is virtuous, wise, and capable of heeding the advice of worthy ministers, thus leading the state to prosperity and stability.

  2024-05-28 刪除 喜欢(0)

• 温凯婷
  1.Moralistic Interpretation of History: The “Zuozhuan” often interprets historical events as outcomes of moral actions, emphasizing the importance of virtue in the conduct of statesmen and rulers.2.Rectification of Names: This concept, attributed to Confucius and discussed in the “Zuozhuan,” suggests that the key to social order is the proper use of names and titles, reflecting the correct relationships and roles within society. 3.The Mandate of Heaven (Tianming): The “Zuozhuan” reflects the belief that the ruler’s legitimacy and effectiveness depend on his possession of the “Mandate of Heaven,” which can be lost due to misrule and inefficiency. 4.Veneration of Ritual and Ceremony: The text emphasizes the importance of ritual and ceremony in maintaining social order and harmony, reflecting the Confucian value of li.5.The Role of the Sage-Ruler: The “Zuozhuan” portrays the ideal ruler as one who is virtuous, wise, and capable of heeding the advice of worthy ministers, thus leading the state to prosperity and stability.

  2024-05-28 刪除 喜欢(0)

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  用户722718
  The five major principles in Zuo's  Commentary on The Spring and Autumn  Annuals are often summarized as follows: 1. Respect for Morality and Justice (尊王尚德): This principle underscores theimportance of upholding the moral and  ethical standards of society, respecting  authority and tradition, and adhering to  virtues such as loyalty, fi lial piety, and  righteousness. It emphasizes that  political power should be exercised in  accordance with moral principles. 2. Distinguishing Right and Wrong (别是非): This principle calls for a cleardistinction between right and wrong,  good and evil. It demands that one  should have a clear moral compass and  be able to discern what is right or proper  from what is wrong or improper.3. Emphasizing Loyalty and Filial Piety  (重忠孝): This principle places greatimportance on loyalty to the king or ruler,  and filial piety towards parents. It views  these virtues as fundamental to  maintaining social order and harmony. 4. Advocating Humane Governance (崇德抑霸): This principle emphasizes theneed for benevolent and humane  rulership. It critiques aggressive or  tyrannical rulers, promoting instead  rulers who govern with kindness and  consideration for the well-being of their  subjects. 5. Providing Historical Lessons (惩恶扬善): This principle sees history as arepository of lessons, both positive and  negative. It encourages learning from  past mistakes and celebrating virtuous  deeds, thereby guiding future actions  and decisions.

  2024-05-19 刪除 喜欢(0)

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  宋正磊
  The five main principles of the twenty-Third Year of Zuo Heigong are not explicitly mentioned in the article, but by reading the article, we can extract some principles of morality, conduct, and political wisdom. Here are five tips: 1. Loyalty and filial piety: Chonger, the prince of Jin mentioned in the article, chose to leave the State of Qi when faced with difficulties, which reflects his loyalty to his father and his sense of responsibility to the country. Upon his return, he steadfastly followed the principles of loyalty and filial piety in the face of domestic political struggles. 2. Ambition: Chong Er enjoyed a comfortable life in the State of Qi, but his followers worried that he would lose his ambition. This shows that no matter at all times, people should maintain the quality of ambition and work hard to realize their ideals. 3. Beware of ease: According to the article, in order to get Chong Er to leave the State of Qi, Jiang intentionally told him that someone was going to harm him. This reflects Jiang's concern about Chong 'er's overly comfortable life and reminds him to be alert to the dangers brought by ease. 4. Wisdom and decision-making: In the article, Chonger's entourage gives him advice many times, such as Fox Yan, Zhao Shuai and others. This shows the importance of wisdom and decision-making ability in politics and life. 5. Moral character: Wei Wen's ill-treatment of Chong Er, and Chong Er's trust and gratitude to Jiang when he left Qi, demonstrate the important role of moral character in human relations and state politics.

  2024-04-15 刪除 喜欢(0)