美国大学生必读的100本书 （中英文对照）
1.Walden; Or, Life in the Woods by Henry David Thoreau （瓦尔登湖）– A remarkable account of a man seeking a more simple life by living in harmony with nature.
2.On the Origin of Species by Charles Darwin （物种起源）– The book that revolutionized the natural sciences and every literary, philosophical and religious thinker who followed.
3.The Iliad by Homer （伊里亚特）– The Iliad is one of the two great epics of Homer, and is typically described as one of the greatest war stories of all time.
4.Selected Poems of Emily Dickinson （狄金森诗选）– The perfect volume for readers wishing to explore the works of one of America’s first poets.
5.The Art of War by Sunzi（孙子兵法）– A book which should be used to gain advantage of opponents in the boardroom and battlefield alike.
6.The Prince by Niccolo Machiavelli（君王论）– Its essential contribution to modern political thought lies in Machiavelli’s assertion of the then revolutionary idea that theological and moral imperatives have no place in the political arena.
7.Jane Eyre by Charlotte Bronte（简爱）– A superb evocation of a time and place;Â a complex, detailed character study; a believable and compelling plot; and, more than anything else, a magnificent love story.
8.A Tales of Two Cities by Charles Dickens（双城记）– This story of the French Revolution brings to life a time of terror and treason, and a starving people rising in frenzy and hate to overthrow a corrupt and decadent regime.
9.The Adventures of Tom Sawyer by Mark Twain（汤姆索亚历险记）– Perhaps the best-loved nineteenth-century American novel, Mark Twainâ ™s tale of boyhood adventure overflows with comedy, warmth, and slapstick energy.
10.The Count of Monte Cristo by Alexandre Dumas（基督山伯爵）– One of the greatest tales of revenge of all time.
11.War and Peace by Leo Tolstoy （战争与和平）– A s Napoleonâ ™s army invades, Tolstoy brilliantly follows characters from diverse backgroundsâ ”peasants and nobility, civilians and soldiersâ ”as they struggle with the problems unique to their era, their history, and their culture.
12.Essays by Ralph Waldo Emerson （爱默生的散文）– The writings featured here show Emerson as a protester against social conformity, a lover of nature, an activist for the rights of women and slaves, and a poet of great sensitivity.
13.Wuthering Heights by Emily Bronte （呼啸山庄）– One of literatureâ ™s most disturbing explorations into the dark side of romantic passion. Heathcliff and Cathy believe theyâ ™re destined to love each other forever, but when cruelty and snobbery separate them, their untamed emotions literally consume them.
14.The Complete Works of William Shakespeare （莎士比亚全集）– Shakespeare is widely regarded as the greatest writer in the English language and the world’s preeminent dramatist.
15.Apology, Crito, and Phaedo of Socrates by Plato （苏格拉底的《申辩篇》、《克里托篇》、《斐多篇》）– The trial and condemnation of Socrates on charges of heresy and corrupting young minds is a defining moment in the history of Classical Athens. In tracing these events through four dialogues, Plato also developed his own philosophy, based on Socrates’ manifesto for a life guided by self-responsibility.
16.Symposium by Plato （柏拉图的《研讨会》）– Plato explores, through a series of speeches, the nature and origins of love and passion.
17.The Divine Comedy by Dante （神曲）– A moving human drama, an unforgettable visionary journey through the infinite torment of Hell, up the arduous slopes of Purgatory, and on to the glorious realm of Paradise-the sphere of universal harmony and eternal salvation.
18.Paradise Lost by John Milton （失乐园）– Considered to be the greatest epic poem in English literature. Its roots lie in the Genesis account of the world’s creation and Adam and Eve’s expulsion from Eden.
19.Pygmalion by George Bernard Shaw （卖花女）– A perceptive comedy of wit and wisdom about the unique relationship between a spunky cockney flower-girl and her irascible speech professor.
20.Leaves of Grass by Walt Whitman （草叶）– “The most extraordinary piece of wit and wisdom that America has yet contributed.” â ” Ralph Waldo Emerson.
21.The Works of Aristotle （亚里士多德著作集）– Aristotle’s views on the physical sciences profoundly shaped medieval scholarship, and their influence extended well into the Renaissance.
22.The Canterbury Tales by Geoffrey Chaucer （坎特伯雷故事集）– The tales, some of which are originals and others not, are contained inside a frame tale and told by a collection of pilgrims on a pilgrimage from London Borough of Sout Canterbury.
23.The Devil’s Dictionary by Ambrose Bierce （魔鬼辞典）– Bierce was an iconoclastic literary genius and this compilation of definitions (written for a satirical magazine during the 1880s) is a true American classic. Some may find Bierce sexist, nationalist and racist, but most readers will enjoy his malevolent scepticism and underlying rage against hypocrisy.
24.20,000 Leagues Under the Sea by Jules Verne （海底两万里）– A group of men set sail to solve the mystery of a sea monster in this amazing underwater adventure.
25.Moby Dick by Herman Melville – A masterpiece of storytelling and symbolic realism, this thrilling adventure and epic saga pits Ahab, a brooding sea captain, against the great white whale that crippled him.
26.Heart of Darkness by Joseph Conrad （黑暗的心）– Exploring the workings of consciousness as well as the grim realities of imperialism, Heart of Darkness tells of Marlow, a seaman and wanderer, who journeys into the heart of the African continent to discover how the enigmatic Kurtz has gained power over the local people.
27.Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde by Robert Louis Stevenson （化身博士）– This dark psychological fantasy is also a product of its time, drawing on contemporary theories of class, evolution, criminality, and secret lives.
28.Voltaire’s Philosophical Dictionary （伏尔泰的哲学词典）– A series of short, radical essays – alphabetically arranged – that form a brilliant and bitter analysis of the social and religious conventions that then dominated eighteenth-century French thought.
29.Candide by Voltaire （老实人）– In the story of the trials and travails of the youthful Candide, his mentor Dr. Pangloss, and a host of other characters, Voltaire mercilessly satirizes and exposes romance, science, philosophy, religion and government.
30.The Hunchback of Notre Dame by Victor Hugo （巴黎圣母院）– An epic tale of beauty and sadness, The Hunchback of Notre Dame portrays the sufferings of humanity with compassion and power.
31.Les Miserables by Victor Hugo（悲惨世界） – In this story of the trials of the peasant Jean Valjean–a man unjustly imprisoned, baffled by destiny, and hounded by his nemesis, the magnificently realized, ambiguously malevolent police detective Javert–Hugo achieves the sort of rare imaginative resonance that allows a work of art to transcend its genre.
32.Father Goriot by Honore de Balzac （高老头）– A masterful study of a father whose sacrifices for his daughters have become a compulsion, this novel marks Balzac’s “real entrée” into La Comédie Humaine, his series of almost one hundred novels and short stories meant to depict “the whole pell-mell of civilization.”
33.The Atheist’s Mass by Honore de Balzac （无神论者的弥撒）– Bianchon, who was with Desplein all through his last illness, dares not affirm to this day that the great surgeon died an atheist.
34.Crime and Punishment by Fyodor Dostoevsky （犯罪与惩罚）– Dostoyevsky’s first masterpiece, the novel is a psychological analysis of the poor student Raskolnikov, whose theory that humanitarian ends justify evil means leads him to murder a St. Petersburg pawnbroker.
35.Notes From the Underground by Fyodor Dostoevsky （地下室手记）– Violating literary conventions in ways never before attempted, this classic tells of a mid-19th-century Russian official’s breakaway from society and descent “underground”.
36.Pride and Prejudice by Jane Austen （傲慢与偏见）– The story of fiercely independent Elizabeth Bennet, one of five sisters who must marry rich, as she confounds the arrogant, wealthy Mr. Darcy.
37.Sense and Sensibility by Jane Austen （理智与情感）– A wonderfully entertaining tale of flirtation and folly that revolves around two starkly different sisters, Elinor and Marianne Dashwood.
38.The Tao Te Ching by Laozi （道德经）– Reportedly written by a sage named Lao Tzu over 2,500 years ago, the Tao Te Ching is one of the most succinct–and yet among the most profound–spiritual texts ever written.
39.Frankenstein by Mary Shelley （科学怪人）– A scientist, Victor Frankenstein, who learns how to create life and creates a being in the likeness of man, but larger than average and more powerful
40.The Complete Works of P.B. Shelley – One of the major English Romantic poets and is widely considered to be among the finest lyric poets in the English language.
41.Robinson Crusoe by Daniel Defoe （鲁滨逊漂流记）– The old story still stands up as one of the best adventure yarns for children who are interested in tales of shipwreck.
42.Moll Flanders by Daniel Defoe （凤舞红尘）– Defoeâ ™s excellence it is, to make me forget my specific class, character, and circumstances, and to raise me while I read him, into the universal man.
43.Gulliver’s Travels by Jonathan Swift （格里佛游记）– Shipwrecked castaway Lemuel Gulliver’s encounters with the petty, diminutive Lilliputians, the crude giants of Brobdingnag, the abstracted scientists of Laputa, the philosophical Houyhnhnms, and the brutish Yahoos give him new, bitter insights into human behavior.
44.The Adventures of Huckleberry Finn by Mark Twain （哈克贝利·费恩历险记）– Huckleberry Finn had a tough life with his drunk father until an adventure with Tom Sawyer changed everything. But when Huck’s dad returns and kidnaps him, he must escape down the Mississippi river with runaway slave, Jim.
45.Leviathan by Thomas Hobbes （利维坦）– In 1651, Hobbes published his work about the relationship between the government and the individual. More than four centuries old, this brilliant yet ruthless book analyzes not only the bases of government but also physical nature and the roles of man.
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