美国观念主义语言学派的代表作,系统地讨论了语言学的对象。
This little book aims to give a certain perspective on the subject of language rather than to assemble facts about it. It has little to say of the ultimate psychological basis of speech and gives only enough of the actual descriptive or historical facts of particular languages to illustrate principles. Its main purpose is to show what I conceive language to be, what is its variability in place and time, and what are its relations to other fundamental human interests-the problem of thought, the nature of the historical process, race, culture, art.
本书是美国观念主义语言学派的代表作,系统地讨论了语言学的对象、语言成分、语音、语法程序、语法概念、语言的结构类型、语言的发展、语音规律、语言的交互影响,语言与种族,文化的关系,语言和文学的关系等问题。本书的体系基本上是依据意大利唯心主义哲学家(属于新黑格尔学派的克罗齐)的《心灵哲学》建立起来的。
This little book aims to give a certain perspective on the subject of language rather than to assemble facts about it. It has little to say of the ultimate psychological basis of speech and gives only enough of the actual descriptive or historical facts of particular languages to illustrate principles. Its main purpose is to show what I conceive language to be, what is its variability in place and time, and what are its relations to other fundamental human interests-the problem of thought, the nature of the historical process, race, culture, art.
- Preface
- I Introductory: Language Defined
- II The Elements of Speech
- III The Sounds of Language
- IV Form in Language: Grammatical Processes
- V Form in Language: Grammatical Concepts
- VI Types of Linguistic Structure
- VII Language as a Historical Product: Drift
- VIII Language as a Historical Product: Phonetic Law
- IX How Languages Influence Each Other
- X Language, Race and Culture
- XI Language and Literature
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