The book narrates the positivist philosophical view of Spencer, one of the major works of his study of social and political theory. Part one discusses the unknowable, analyzes the relationship between religion and science, and explores how these two differentiate from each other and at what level they can be reconciled.

In the First Principles (I), Spencer discusses the incomprehensibility of religion and science and the relativity of knowledge. He believes that both the shortcomings of religion and science are caused by their incomplete development, which also leads to their discord. When the two form their final form, they are fully reconciled.

Herbert Spencer (27 April 1820 – 8 December 1903) was an English philosopher, biologist, anthropologist, sociologist, and prominent classical liberal political theorist of the Victorian era.Spencer developed an all-embracing conception of evolution as the progressive development of the physical world, biological organisms, the human mind, and human culture and societies.