In the book, Tocqueville examines the democratic revolution that he believed had been occurring over the previous seven hundred years.

Tocqueville begins his book by describing the change in social conditions taking place. He observed that over the previous seven hundred years the social and economic conditions of men had become more equal. The aristocracy, Tocqueville believed, was gradually disappearing as the modern world experienced the beneficial effects of equality. Tocqueville traced the development of equality to a number of factors, such as granting all men permission to enter the clergy, widespread economic opportunity resulting from the growth of trade and commerce, the royal sale of titles of nobility as a monarchical fundraising tool, and the abolition of primogeniture.

Alexis Charles Henri Clérel(29 July 1805 – 16 April 1859) was a French diplomat, political scientist, and historian.