• 导读
  • 人心就像一张白纸,上面什么字迹也没有。(约翰•洛克)

  • 内容简介
  • 《人性理解论》是英国经验论哲学的代表作。洛克在本书的一开头就批判了笛卡儿的“天赋观念”和莱布尼兹的“天赋实践原则”、提出“人心就像一张白纸,上面什么字迹也没有”、“人类一切知识的泉源就是经验”。在书中,洛克提出了第一性的质与第二性的质、简单观念与复杂观念的学说,论述了知识的本性、形成、等级和范围等问题。洛克把广延性、运动、不可入性等称作物的第一性的质。把颜色、声音等称作第二性的质。它们作用于人的感官,产生相应的简单感觉和简单观念,然后再由这些简单观念形成复杂观念,由此产生知识。

    An Essay Concerning Human Understanding is a work by John Locke concerning the foundation of human knowledge and understanding. He describes the mind at birth as a blank slate filled later through experience. The essay was one of the principal sources of empiricism in modern philosophy, and influenced many enlightenment philosophers. Book I of the Essay is Locke's attempt to refute the rationalist notion of innate ideas. Book II sets out Locke's theory of ideas, including his distinction between passively acquired simple ideas, such as "red," "sweet," "round," etc., and actively built complex ideas, such as numbers, causes and effects, abstract ideas, ideas of substances, identity, and diversity. Book III is concerned with language, and Book IV with knowledge, including intuition, mathematics, moral philosophy, natural philosophy ("science"), faith, and opinion.

  • 作者简介
  • 约翰·洛克(John Locke,1632年8月29日-1704年10月28日)是英国的哲学家。在知识论上,洛克与乔治·贝克莱、大卫·休谟三人被列为英国经验主义(British Empiricism)的代表人物,但他也在社会契约理论上做出重要贡献。洛克的思想对于后代政治哲学的发展产生巨大影响,并且被广泛视为是启蒙时代最具影响力的思想家和自由主义者。他的著作也大为影响了伏尔泰和卢梭,以及许多苏格兰启蒙运动的思想家和美国开国元勋。他的理论被反映在美国的独立宣言上。

    John Locke FRS (29 August 1632 – 28 October 1704), was an English philosopher and physician regarded as one of the most influential of Enlightenment thinkers and known as the "Father of Classical Liberalism". Considered one of the first of the British empiricists, following the tradition of Sir Francis Bacon, he is equally important to social contract theory. His work greatly affected the development of epistemology and political philosophy. His writings influenced Voltaire and Rousseau, many Scottish Enlightenment thinkers, as well as the American revolutionaries. His contributions to classical republicanism and liberal theory are reflected in the United States Declaration of Independence.

  • 目录
    • INTRODUCTION
    • BOOK I
    • BOOK II
    • BOOK III
    • BOOK IV